要实现动态加载数据库的数据源,以下是一个大致的步骤和代码示例,假设你使用的是Java和Spring框架:
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配置文件:
你可以使用application.properties
或application.yml
文件来定义数据库连接的配置信息。# application.yml spring: datasource: dynamic: primary: master # 默认数据源 datasource: master: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/master_db username: root password: root driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver slave: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/slave_db username: root password: root driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
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数据源配置类:
创建一个配置类,用于配置和管理多个数据源。import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource; import javax.sql.DataSource; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; @Configuration public class DataSourceConfig { @Bean(name = "masterDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.dynamic.datasource.master") public DataSource masterDataSource() { return new HikariDataSource(); } @Bean(name = "slaveDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.dynamic.datasource.slave") public DataSource slaveDataSource() { return new HikariDataSource(); } @Primary @Bean(name = "dynamicDataSource") public DataSource dataSource() { AbstractRoutingDataSource routingDataSource = new AbstractRoutingDataSource() { @Override protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() { return DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.getDataSourceType(); } }; Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources = new HashMap<>(); targetDataSources.put("master", masterDataSource()); targetDataSources.put("slave", slaveDataSource()); routingDataSource.setDefaultTargetDataSource(masterDataSource()); routingDataSource.setTargetDataSources(targetDataSources); return routingDataSource; } }
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动态数据源上下文持有者:
创建一个类来持有当前的上下文数据源类型。public class DynamicDataSourceContextHolder { private static final ThreadLocal<String> CONTEXT_HOLDER = new ThreadLocal<>(); public static void setDataSourceType(String dataSourceType) { CONTEXT_HOLDER.set(dataSourceType); } public static String getDataSourceType() { return CONTEXT_HOLDER.get(); } public static void clearDataSourceType() { CONTEXT_HOLDER.remove(); } }
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拦截器或AOP配置:
通过AOP或拦截器在需要切换数据源的方法前后进行切换。import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Aspect @Component public class DataSourceAspect { @Before("execution(* com.example.service..*.useSlave(..))") public void setSlaveDataSourceType() { DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.setDataSourceType("slave"); } @Before("execution(* com.example.service..*.useMaster(..))") public void setMasterDataSourceType() { DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.setDataSourceType("master"); } }
通过以上步骤,你可以实现动态加载和切换数据库的数据源。在具体业务方法中,通过DynamicDataSourceContextHolder
切换数据源类型,以实现对不同数据库的操作。
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